Project phases are the various stages that a project goes through from the idea to the implementation. They serve to structure the work process and facilitate success control. This article introduces the most common project phases and explains how they can be used in project management. It also discusses the importance of each phase for the success of a project.
Project Phases - The Foundation of Successful Project Work
Project phases are crucial for structuring and planning projects. The individual phases allow tracking the progress of the project and, if necessary, initiating corrective actions in a timely manner. In project management, various models for dividing project phases are known. However, the most common phases are the initiation, planning, execution, and completion of a project. In this glossary entry, the various project phases are introduced and explained how they can be used in project management.
Initiation
The initiation is the first phase of a project and lays the foundation for the further course. In this phase, the goals and framework conditions of the project are defined and a project charter is created. This also includes identifying stakeholders and determining requirements and risks. The initiation concludes with the approval of the project charter by management and the start of the planning phase.
Planning
In the planning phase, the basic framework conditions for carrying out the project are established. This includes creating a project structure plan that shows the individual work packages and their interrelationships, as well as developing a schedule and resource plan. In addition, responsibilities of project staff are clarified and communication structures are established during this phase. The planning phase ends with the approval of the project plan by management and the start of the execution phase.
Execution
The execution phase is the actual working phase of the project. In this phase, the tasks and goals set out in the project plan are implemented. During the execution, continuous monitoring of the project progress takes place. Any deviations from the planning specifications are identified and, if necessary, corrective actions are initiated. The execution phase ends when all work packages are completed and the project goal has been achieved.
Closure
The closure of a project is the last phase in the project course. In this phase, the results of the project are documented and evaluated. An assessment of the project work and the collaboration within the team also takes place in this phase. The closure also includes handing over the project results to the client or the affected stakeholders. Finally, the project is archived and the project team is disbanded.
Importance of Project Phases in Project Management
Dividing projects into different project phases is of great importance for project management. It allows for systematic planning, management, and control of the project work. The clear separation of the individual phases creates transparency and promotes a common understanding of the project process. Furthermore, problems and risks can be identified and addressed at an early stage.
Conclusion
Project phases are a fundamental part of project management and contribute significantly to the success of projects. They offer a clear structure and enable systematic planning and control of the project work. The most common project phases are the initiation, planning, execution, and closure of a project. In the initiation, the goals and framework conditions of the project are defined, while the planning phase involves creating the project plan. The execution phase is the actual working phase where the project goals are implemented. The closure serves to document and evaluate the project results.
